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When the raw water containing hardness ions passes through the resin layer in the exchanger, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are replaced by the sodium ions adsorbed by the resin. The resin adsorbs calcium and magnesium ions and the sodium ionsenter the water. In this way, the water flowing out of the exchanger is the softened water with the hardness removed.
Softening is the ion exchange process, it is done through resin, the most common and probably the easiest method of removing hardness
from water and suitable for utility purpose. As the name implies ion exchange is a process in which undesirableions are exchanged for more desirable ions.
The softening process consists of passing raw water containing hardness through a bed of cation resin in sodium form. The hardness ions Ca & Mg are taken
up by resin and in exchange, the sodium ions are relinquished from the resin. This is called the service cycle, where the hard water is being softened.
Softened water is water that does not contain or contains less soluble calcium and magnesium compounds.
It has been widely used in European and American countries for more than 40 years.
This equipment uses the principle of ion exchange to remove calcium and magnesium ions that are prone to scale formation, so as to soften water quality and avoid scaling.
